Headline Jan 14, 2018/ ''' NEW TECHNOLOGIES - * NEW TECTONICS * '''

''' NEW TECHNOLOGIES - 

* NEW TECTONICS * '''

*HISTORY RECORDS 'THAT AMERICA'S GREAT STUDENTS'* - all hailing from every sphere and walk, in just about the greatest country in the world-

*Were never ever Blind To The Needs Of Others*. 

Over all these many years, they raised the flag of Freedom, Justice and Sacrifices and they crossed the Rubicon at their own risks and values, to help build the greatest organization mankind will ever have the honor to know-

The World Students Society - for every conceivable subject and discipline in the world, just so graphically interfaced through Computers-Internet-Wireless.

The Students of the entire world, give the students of America a standing ovation as we move forward towards :

Electioneering, Electables and Elections,' all conceptualised, all researched, all drawn up with most gracious assistance and support from-

*BETTER WORLD NETWORKS* Singapore.

THE WORLD STUDENTS SOCIETY -for every conceivable subject and discipline in the world is the exclusive ownership of every single student of America, just as it is owned by every student in the world.

All scholarships, all revenues, all movie contracts, all book rights, all assets, all accomplishments, all honors, belong to every single student in the world. One Share- Piece-Peace. 

THEY PRESENT REGULATORY QUESTIONS  in very humanitarian settings, and addressing them requires fairness, balancing competing imperatives.

IN NEPAL, at the time of twin earthquakes in 2015, there were no local laws governing the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles [UAVs]. 

Concerns quickly arose about their responsible deployment in the disaster response.

Despite positive non-governmental organization [NGO] communications about their use for    identifying resources and survivors, the Nepal authorities ultimately placed severe ad-hoc restrictions on UAVs.

This followed fears that they were flying too close to security installations and historical sites and posed a risk to approaching aircraft.

Those regulations included restricting flying time to 15 minutes and travelling no further than 300 meters from the pilot, and introduced no fly zones over houses. 

THIS significantly undermined the realisation of UAVs' potential.

UAV's are not the only new technology being trailed for humanitarian purposes that raise regulatory questions.

ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, also known as 3D printing, has been used to create oxygen splitters, medical waste containers, and even customised prosthetic limbs.

Both of these sectors, medical and airspace, are stringently regulated by states for obvious reasons of  public safety and security.

For these and other new technologies to contribute to disaster response to their full potential and regulatory questions relating to their use must be identified and clarified ahead of their deployment.

SEVERAL examples of regulatory codes already exist. Most countries have instituted quality control regulations for medical paraphernalia, but need to clarify how they intend to apply this to additive manufacturing of such items.

For  UAVs, two prominent examples are the *North Atlantic Treaty Organization Unmanned Aircraft Systems Airworthiness standards and the European Aviation Safety Agency Policy Statement on Airworthiness Certification of  Unmanned Aircraft Systems.

THE UAViators code of  Conduct -produced by a community of private  UAV users interested in the use of  UAV's in disaster response  -provided an excellent baseline for policymakers considering the conduct of UAV operators.

Efforts at regulation have faced two  significant challenges.

First,  there is a tendency to use different classification criteria in establishing rules. This complicates compliance especially for international organizations seeking to deploy assets in different jurisdictions.

A standardised classification system would speed up the technologies' entry into the country and ultimately their deployment in the field.

SECOND, in places where rules already exist, there is a reflex to over regulate and create unnecessary burden.

The Nepal earthquake example given illustrates this well, but it also appears in more established  UAV regulatory environments, like the United States.

Airspace considered sensitive for UAVs, such as around military installations or critical infrastructure, needs to be defined ahead of any disaster, and-

Appropriate balances struck  between keeping them secure and properly facilitating disaster response.

SIMILARLY, the level of customisability allowed by additive manufacturing, which is one of its  major advantages in disaster settings, makes regulating quality assurance complicated.

Without clarity, private sector companies are reportedly reluctant to use the technology in their own work, a hesitation that could equally encumber disaster responders.     

Any regulation must bear in mind the need to maintain flexibility.

Past experience demonstrates that this is critical for realising the potential of new technologies.

The Honor and Serving of the  latest  Operational Research on Laws, Technologies and Innovations continues. And with many thanks from the World Students Society for Professor Martin Searle, Associate Fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies at NTU, Singapore.

With respectful dedication to the Leaders. Parents, Students, Professors and Teachers of America and then the world. See Ya all on !WOW! -the World Students Society and Twitter-!E-WOW! -the Ecosystem 2011:

''' Humanitarian Honors '''

Good Night and God Bless

SAM Daily Times - the Voice of the Voiceless