Headline Feb 06, 2018/ ''' *GENES HONOURS GENES '''

''' *GENES HONOURS GENES '''

THE GENES YOU INHERIT - and those genes that you don't inherit, and those genes you will never ever inherit, will always, always matter.

And with that I get burning the midnight oil, and research Blockchain technologies, and get *Heroic Hussain* to develop the framework and insights for *Voting and Democratic Portal* of The World Students Society.

FORMIDABLE ZILLI, as ever, does more of the masterly research honors and thinks and totally recommends that : Merium, Rabo, Saima, Dee, Haleema, Lakshmi/India, ought to be recommended for World Class Work and Openings.

Privately, and I share it will you all, that these great *Heroes and Founders* will never ever consider to leave their stations and positions of *Flying on my Wings*.

No amount of money, no amount of inducements will get them to leave the great strategic objectives they have set for themselves.

*Highly skilled, brilliant, independent, fearless, and of course, battle tested, with their formidable resolves they are determined to change the world, for the best*.

JUST after Global Elections on *The World Students Society*, they will go on to create incredible apps and attempt some very great things.

*The World Students Society stops to thank them, yet again*.

WHEN the first DNA-based studies of educational attainment came out in 2013, a geneticist named Albert King sifted through the results.

At the time, Dr. Kong, was working at DeCode, a geneticist company based in Iceland, and so he was able to look for some of the variants in the company's database of Icelandic DNA.
 
Dr. Kong wondered if other researchers had missed something very important. ''It suddenly occurred to me that part of this effect could be coming through the parents,'' he said.

''And then I got obsessed with the idea.''

Children, after all, get their genes from their parents.

It was possible, Dr. Kong reasoned, that genes could influence how far children got through school by influencing their parents' behavior rather than the actions of the children themselves.

In the new study, Dr. Kong and his colleagues used a new method to measure the influence of genes on education.

They didn't inspect individual variants to see if each clearly had an impact, instead, they added up the influence of hundreds of thousands of variants in people's DNA, even if they had a very weak influence at best.

The researchers compared 21,637 Icelanders to their parents. The purpose, of course, passed down one copy of each of their genes to their children.

Some of these might be related to educational attainment, and some not.

But Dr. Kong and his colleagues focused their attention on variants carried by parents but not passed to their children.

These variants, the researchers found, predicted how long the children stayed in school -even though the children had not inherited them.

Any single variant in the parents had a minuscule effect on the children's education. But combined, the researchers found, the untransmitted genes had a significant impact.

Their combined effect was about 30 percent as big as that of the genes that the children actually inherited.

''The direct genetic effect is quite a bit smaller than what people thought,'' said Dr. Kong, who is now a professor at the University of Oxford.

How can that be?

Dr. Kong speculated that genes carried by parents influence the environment in which their children grow up. ''Variants that have to do with planning with the future could have the biggest effect on nurturing,'' he said.

Dr. Harden expected that genetic nurture would turn out to be a complex phenomenon. ''My intuition is that it's not any one thing, but a constellation of things,'' she said.

While Dr, Harden and other researchers on human behaviour hailed the study for revealing something new about nature and nurture, researchers who study animals recalled familiar echoes in their own work.

''I am not surprised by the findings,'' said Piter Bijma, who studies livestock at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. ''These are to be expected.''

Dr. Bijima and other researchers have amassed a wealth of evidence showing that animals are influenced not just by their own genes but by the genes of their parents.

Calves may grow quickly thanks to their own growth-promoting genes, or because the same genes in their mothers make them produce more milk.

A calf may inherit those milk-boosting variants from its mother. But just because the calf carries them doesn't mean they directly make the calves bigger.

Compared with the other mammals, Dr. Bijma observed, human children are especially dependent on their parents -not just for food and other essentials, but for social development.

So it stands to reason that they'd experience similar effects.

Dr. Harden said that taking account of  genetic nurture and improve research on the effects of  poverty on how children do in school, as well as studies of methods to improve educational attainment.

''It's so obvious in retrospect, and so elegant,'' she said. ''A lot of people are going to say. ''I can see my data in a new light with this.' ''

With most loving and respectful dedication to Merium, Rabo, Saima, Sarah, Haleema, Dee, Zilli,  Zainab, Seher,  Areesha, Sameen, Paras/UAE, Sorat, Tooba, Eman, Shahbano, Armeen, Dr. Anne/UAE, Lakshmi/India, Aqsa, Nina, Naila.

Hussain, Shahzaib, Ali, Sharayar, Umair,  Jordan, Bilal, Salar, Haider, Ahsen, Ghazi, Zaeem, Danyial, Mustafa, Vishnu/India, Ibrahim, Faraz, Omer, Wajahat, Reza/Canada, Umer, Majeed/Malaysia, Awais.

And Little Angels and Founders, too : Maynah, Maria Imran, Harem, Ibrahim, Hannyia, and  Merium.

And to all the Grand Parents, Parents, Students, Professors and Teachers of the world. See Ya all on !WOW! -the World Students Society and Twitter-!E-WOW! -the Ecosystem 2011:

''' Genes & Gnomes '''

Good Night and God Bless

SAM Daily Times - the Voice of the Voiceless