Headline April 20, 2018/ ''' *MACHINES VISION MASTERY* '''

 ''' *MACHINES VISION MASTERY* '''

IN PROUD PAKISTAN - IN 2018 - NOT ONE BUT TWO Imran Khans rise to excellence,  prominence and world class leadership.

*The Captain*, as he is lovingly called, the elder, changes Pakistan for the greatest with exemplary, fearless and relentless hard work in structuring the future.

And the other - Imran Khan, for rising to global recognition, as a Global Head of financial exercise and company, Remarkable accomplishment for someone of his youth.

The World Students Society, most lovingly called, !WOW!, gives both the rising leaders a standing ovation.

IN 2012, GEOFFREY HINTON changed the way machines see the entire world.

The great master computer pioneer began working on problems his earlier approaches couldn't handle.

Along with two graduate students at the University of Toronto, Mr. Hinton, a professor there, built a system that could analyze thousands of photos and -

Teach itself to identify common objects like flowers and cars with a accuracy that hadn't seemed possible.

He and his students moved to Google, and the mathematical technique that drove their system - called a Neural Network - spread across the tech world.

THIS is how autonomous cars recognize things like the street signs and pedestrians.

But ass Mr. Hinton himself points out, his idea has had its limits.

If a neural network is trained on images that show a coffee cup only from a side, for example, for example, it is unlikely to recognize a coffee cup turned upside down.

NOW Mr. Hinton and Sara Sabour, a young Google researcher, are exploring an alternative mathematical technique that he calls a capsule network.

The idea is to build a system that sees more like a human. If a neural network sees the world in two dimensions, a capsule network can see it in three.

Mr. Hinton, a 69-year-old British expatriate, opened Google's artificial intelligence lab in Toronto this year. The new lab is emblematic of what some believe to be the future of cutting-edge tech research:

Much of it is expected to happen outside the United States, in Europe, China and longtime A.I.. research centers like Toronto, that are more welcoming to immigrant researchers.

Ms. Sabour is an Iranian researcher who wound up in Toronto after the United States government denied her a visa to study computer vision at the University of Washington.

Her task is to turn Mr. Hnton's conceptual idea into mathematical reality, and the project is bearing fruit.

They recently published a paper showing that in certain situations their method can more accurately recognize objects when viewing them from unfamiliar angles.

''It can generalize much better than the traditional neural nets everyone is now using,'' Ms. Sabour said.

When I walked into his office that month, Mr. Hinton, dressed in his usual button-down shirt and sweater, handed me two large blocks. They looked like something he had found at the bottom of an old toy chest.

He explained the blocks were two halves of a pyramid and he asked  if I could put the pyramid back together. That didn't seem too hard.

The blocks were oddly shaped, but each had only five sides. All I had to do was ind the two sides that matched and lone them up. But I couldn't.

Most people fail this test he told me, including two tenured professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

One declined to try, and the other insisted it wasn't possible.

*It is possible*.

But we all failed. Mr. Hinton explained, because the puzzle undercuts the natural way we see something like a pyramid.

We do not recognize the way an object by looking at one side and then another and then another. We picture the whole thing sitting in three-dimensional space.

And because off the way the puzzle cuts the pyramid in two, it prevents us from picturing it in 3-D  space as we normally would.

With his capsule networks, Mr. Hinton aims to finally give machines the same three-dimensional perspective that humans have - allowing them to recognize a  coffee cup from any angle after learning what it looks like from only one.

The Honor and Serving of the latest Operational Research on Computers and Machines with new vision. And The World Students Society thanks, author and researcher Cade Metz, Toronto.

With respectful dedication to Captain Imran Khan, Pakistan's formidable son and a leader of rare class, and Pakistan's other formidable son -

Grand Master Imran Khan, the merging Global Leader and original thinker in finance and then-

The Scientists, Students, Professors and Teachers of the world. See Ya allow on !WOW! - the World Students Society and Twitter-!E-WOW! - the Ecosystem 2011:

'''Dialogues and Debates'''

Good Night and God Bless

SAM Daily Times - the Voice of the Voiceless