Headline, May 16 2022/ ''' '' SAMURAIS HISTORY SHAPINGS '' '''

''' '' SAMURAIS 

HISTORY SHAPINGS '' '''

THE JAPANESE SAMURAI ARE CONSIDERED TO BE MASTERS OF swordsmanship and brave, fearless fighters. The myth surrounding the warriors still fascinates today.

Both in Hollywood and in video games, feudal Japan is a box office hit. The samurai are romanticized as the epitome of chivalry and honour - even if their warfare was no less bloody or ruthless than combat elsewhere.

A NEW MUSEUM in Berlin explores what is behind the myth. More than 1,000 artifacts from the collection of Peter Janssen, a German entrepreneur, are showcased at this Samurai Museum Berlin, which opens on May 8.

Weapons and armour, tea sets, woodcuts and Buddhist sculptures are part of the interactive exhibition. ''The myth and influence of the samurai on Japanese society are illuminated from different perspectives such as everyday life, art and craft or martial arts,'' the museum writes. So, here's presenting five facts about the Japanese warriors.

Samurai - the serving one

The history of the samurai began when military conscription was abolished in Japan in the 8th century. Men from the provinces with military training took to the place of the conscripts. They served the imperial court in Kyoto as well as noble families. They earned their living as fighters.

Over the centuries, the samurai expanded their power. At the end of the 12th century, they established their own military government, the shogunate, which coexisted with the imperial house.

Until the 19th century, when their status was revoked by the Emperor Meiji in favor of a modern army, the samurai were an integral part of Japanese political, social and cultural life.

Only true Samurai carried swords

The samurai fought and rode on horseback, for the most part using bow and arrows. Over time, the two swords they carried - a curved long sword [katana] and a second, shorter sword [wakizashi] - became an important status symbol.

In some families, they were passed on from one generation to the next.

Ornaments and intricate decorations added to the swords stood for the personality of the samurai. Elaborately decorated armor and helmets also referred to the warrior's rank and character. Motifs including demons, dragons and Buddhist patron gods were supposed to offer supernatural protection.

Occasionally, samurai wore face masks with grim features and mustaches meant to scare off the enemy.

They weren't always noble

The Japanese term bushido means '' way of the warrior. '' It referred to the Samurai code of conduct long before a German rapper became famous under this stage name.

The values idealized by the samurai included courage, honor, and above all, loyalty to one's master. The warriors also had to be willing to sacrifice themselves in the battle or through ritual suicide.

There is no doubt that the samurai demonstrated great courage and martial skill, but to what degree the samurai followed a code of conduct is disputed today.

In reality, there was treachery, deceitfulness and disloyalty even among the Japanese warriors. They broke truces, burned villages and slaughtered the people they defeated. They took the heads of their victims as trophies.

In fact, bushido is more of an idealized idea of how the samurai should live their lives. The term only became popular in the late 19th century, when the samurai no longer existed.

They were more than warriors

Elite samurai were expected to combine the arts of peace [bun] and war [bu]. In times of peace, the samurai turned to bureaucratic tasks. Samurai children had to study Chinese and Japanese literature and Confucian texts, but they also learned martial skills like archery and horseback riding.

Many high ranking samurai devoted themselves to tea ceremonies and painting. Scenes from famous battles, horse races and the Inuoumono ''dog hunt,'' where dogs were shot at, were popular motifs.

Noh theater, a traditional form of dance drama, was another samurai activity. Noh plays emphasize Buddhist themes and focus on the emotions of the main character tormented by love, anger, or grief.

Women fought too

Women fought alongside the samurai. Nakano Takeko is considered one of the greatest and also the last Japanese female warrior. During the battle of Aizu in 1868, the 21-year-old led a unit of female fighters armed with rifles against the imperial army.

The daughter of a high ranking official at the imperial court, Takeko was highly educated and trained in martial arts. During the Aizu attack, she killed several men before she was hit by a bullet.

Legend has it she asked her sister to cut off her head so her body would not be taken as a trophy by the enemy. Shortly after the battle, the shogunate - the feudal Japanese military government - fell, leaving the imperial court in charge and ending the era of the samurai.

The Honour and Serving of the Latest Global Operational Research on Great Eras, Great Nations and Great Warriors, continues. The World Students Society thanks author DW.

With respectful dedication to the Students, Professors and Teachers of the world. See Ya all prepare and register for Great Global Elections on The World Students Society : wssciw.blogspot.com and Twitter - !E-WOW! - The Ecosystem 2011 :

Good Night and God Bless

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