Headline, May 18 2022/ ''' '' MIND -COMPUTERS- MIST '' '''

''' '' MIND 

- COMPUTERS -

 MIST '' '''

ON A SPRING MORNING IN 1893 - during a military training exercise in Wurzburg, Garmany, a 19-year-old named Hans Berger was thrown from his horse and nearly crushed to death by the wheel of an artillery gun.

The same morning, his sister, 60 miles away in Coburg, was flooded with foreboding and persuaded her father to send a telegram inquiring about her brother's well being.

That seemingly telepathic premonition obsessed Berger, compelling him to study the mysteries of the mind. His efforts culminated in the 1920s with the invention of electroencephalography [EEG] : a method of recording electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

The oscillating patterns his apparatus produced, reminiscent of a seismograph's scribbling, were the first transcriptions of the human brain's cellular chatter.

ONLY A FEW DOZEN PEOPLE ON THE PLANET have had neural interfaces embedded in their  cortical tissue as part of a long-term clinical research. DeGray is one of the most experienced and dedicated among them.

Since that initial trial, he has spent more than 1,800 hours spanning nearly 400 training sessions controlling various forms of technology with his mind. 

He has played a video game, manipulated a robotic limb, sent text messages and emails, purchased products on Amazon and even flown a drone - just a simulator for now - all without lifting a finger.

Together, DeGray and similar volunteers are exploring the frontier of a technology with the potential to fundamentally alter how humans and machines interact.

SCIENTISTS and engineers have been creating and studying brain-computer interfaces since the 1950s.

Paralyzed individuals with neural interfaces have learned to play simple tunes on a digital keyboard, control exoskeletons and maneuver robotic limbs with enough dexterity to drink from a bottle.

In March, a team of international scientists published a study documenting for the first time that someone with complete, body-wide paralysis used a brain-computer interface to convey their wants and needs by forming sentences one letter at a time.

NEURAL interfaces can also create bidirectional pathways of communication between brain and machine.

In 2016, Nathan Copeland, who was paralyzed from the chest down in a car accident, not only fist-bumped President Barack Obama with a robotic hand, he also experienced a tactile sensation of the bump in his own hand as the prosthesis sent signals back to electrodes in his brain, stimulating his sensory cortex.

By combining brain-imaging technology and neural networks, scientists have also deciphered and partly reconstructed images from people's minds, producing misty imitations that resemble weathered Polaroids or smeared oil paintings.

Most researchers developing brain-computer interfaces say they are primarily interested in therapeutic applications, namely restoring movement and communication to people who are paralyzed or otherwise disabled.

Yet the obvious potential of such technology and the increasing number of high-profile start-ups developing it suggest the possibility of much wider adoption : a future in which neural interfaces actually enhance people's innate abilities and grant them new ones, in addition to restoring those that have been lost.

Human technology often amplifies the body's inherent abilities or extends the mind into the surrounding environment through the body. Art and writing, agriculture and engineering :

All human innovations have depended on, thus been constrained by, the body's capacity to physically manipulate whatever tools the mind devises.

The Honour and Serving of the Latest Global Operational Research on Technology and Wonders in the service of suffering mankind, continues. The World Students Society thanks New York Times Magazine.

With respectful dedication to the Research Scientists, and then Mankind, and then Students, Professors and Teachers of the world. See Ya all prepare and register for Great Global Elections on The World Students Society - for every subject : wssciw.blogspot.com and Twitter - !E-WOW! - The Ecosystem 2011 :

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