Headline, November 03 2022/ ''' '' COME BLESSINGS CODE '' '''

''' '' COME BLESSINGS

 CODE '' '''

PAST RECAST : EVOLUTION AND ' INTELLIGENT DESIGN '.................

EVERY MEETING WITH PROFESSOR ASIR AJMAL opens new vistas of knowledge for the world and the ignorant me. He is a psychologist par excellence and holds a PhD from Dartmouth College in the USA.

The debate opened with the contention that the theoretical basis of most scientific knowledge is embedded in human speculation. The World Students Society also honours Professor Dean H Kenyon, professor emeritus of biology at the San Francisco State University.

Professor Kenyon is one of the instigators of the 'intelligent design' movement. He has also authored  Biochemical Predestination, a book that won him much critical acclaim.

STUDENTS - SCIENCE - SCIENTISTS ARE LOOKING at things like the little miniature machines that are being discovered in cells : the rotary engines, the nano technology, the turbines, the sliding clamps, the intricate circuitry.

Especially important is the libraries of information that are stored in the DNA molecules in the form of a four-character digital code.

For some people this is the basis of an inference to 'design'. This is not something one deduces from a religious scripture.

Bernd-Olaf Kuppers has made certain revelations in his book, Information and the Origin of Life about the cell, that contains vast quantities of biochemical information stored in our DNA in a sequence of nucleotides.

No known, physical or chemical law dictates the order of nucleotide bases in our DNA, and the sequences are highly improbable and complex. Moreover, the coding regions of the DNA exhibit sequential arrangements of the bases that are necessary to produce functional proteins.

Lamarck thought that organisms changed out of need and after a change in the environment and Darwin thought organisms changed by chance when they were born and before there was a change in the environment.

The crucial difference between the Darwinian and the Lamarckian mechanisms of evolution is that the former emphasises random, undirected variation whereas the latter is based on variation directly caused by an environmental cue and resulting in a specific response to the cue.

INTELLIGENT DESIGN [ID] IS A SET CONCEPTS BASED on the notion that life on earth is so complex that it cannot be explained by the theory of evolution and, therefore, must have been designed by a supernatural entity.

PHILIP JOHNSON is known as the father of 'intelligent design'. The idea in its current form appeared in the 1980s and Johnson adopted and developed it with his book, Darwin on Trial in 1991.

In his view, the Darwinian evolution came up short in explaining how all organisms, including humans, came into being. ''Intelligent Design'' theory was then formulated, primarily in the United States, as an explicit refutation of the theory of biological evolution advanced by Darwin.

The basic contention of 'intelligent design' is that modern life on earth could not have developed solely through the processes of evolution but instead required the direct intervention of an ''intelligent designer'' to produce some or most of the species.

'Intelligent design' proponents attempt attempt to demonstrate 'scientifically' that features such as irreducible complexity and specified complexity could not arise through natural processes, and therefore, required repeated direct miraculous interventions by a Designer [a reference to the concept of God as provided in religious texts].

'Intelligent design' is the idea that certain features of living systems are best explained by a designing intelligence, rather than an undirected process.

That is, by studying nature, you can tell something of the effects that intelligence has had on nature.  The theory of 'intelligent design' is an inference from biological data, not a deduction from religious authority.

I will say that the theory of evolution can mean change over time or even common ancestry, which is not contested.

What is contested is specifically the Darwinian idea the life is the result of a purely undirected process that resembles a designing intelligence : that the appearance of a design is an illusion.

Classical Darwinism and modern Darwinism both say that things look like 'design' but they're not really, because natural selection produces that appearance. To a lay person like me, this sounds like a contradiction in terms.

The Honour and Serving of the Latest Global Operational Research on World, Universe, Life and Living, continues. The World Students Society thanks author Professor Tahir Kamran, faculty of Liberal Arts at the Beaconhouse National University, Lahore, Pakistan.

With most respectful dedication to the Students, Professors and Teachers of the world. See Ya all prepare and register for Great Global Elections on The World Students Society - the exclusive ownership of every student in the world : wssciw.blogspot.com and Twitter - !E-WOW! - The Ecosystem 2011 :

Good Night and God Bless

SAM Daily Times - the Voice of the Voiceless