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SAN FRANCISCO : Advertisers said this week that they did not plan to reopen their wallets anytime soon with X, the social media company formerly known as Twitter, after its owner, Elon Musk, insulted brands using an expletive and told them not to spend on the platform.

Advertisers are '' not coming back '' to X, said Lou Paskalis, the founder and chief executive of AJL Advisory, a marketing consultancy. '' There is no advertising value that would offset the reputational risk.''

Mr. Musk has repeatedly criticized and alienated advertisers since buying Twitter last year. At one point, he threatened a  ''thermonuclear name & shame'' against advertisers who paused their spending because they were concerned about his plans to loosen content moderation.

IN RECENT weeks - more than 200 advertisers halted their spending on X after Mr. Musk endorsed an antisemitic conspiracy theory and researchers called attention to instances of ads' appearing alongside pro-Nazis posts on the platform.

The company, which has made most of its revenue from advertising, is at risk of losing up to $75 million this quarter, as brands back away.

The situation was compounded on Wednesday when Mr. Musk made incendiary comments against advertisers at the DealBook Summit in New York. In a wide-ranging interview at the event, Mr Musk apologized for the antisemitic post, calling it ''one of the most foolish'' he had ever published, but he also said that advertisers were trying to ''blackmail'' him.

He singled out Bob A. Iger, Disney's chief executive, who also attended the DealBook Summit. ''Don't advertise,'' Mr. Musk then said, using an expletive multiple times for emphasis.

Hours later, Linda Yaccarino, X's chief executive, tried to mitigate the damage. In a post on X, she shifted attention to Mr. Musk's apology for associating himself with antisemitism and appealed for advertisers return.

'' X is enabling an information independence that is uncomfortable for some people,'' she wrote. '' X is standing at a unique and amazing intersection of Free Speech and Main Street - and the X community is powerful and here to welcome you.'

A representative for X did not respond to request for comment.

Ruben Schreurs, the chief strategy officer at Ebiquity, a marketing and consulting firm,  said Ms. Yaccarino appeared to be trying to get brands to stand with X's views on free speech. But advertisers were unlikely to step in to sponsor the social media platform's goals, he said.

'' It doesn't resonate at all,'' he said, adding that the spending pauses seemed to be  ''turning into a termination of advertising on X.'' Short of leadership change or a change in control of the company, he added,  advertisers were unlikely to consider returning to the platform.

Among the brands that have been big spenders on X and that have recently halted their campaign are Apple, Disney and IBM. Other brands have remained, including the National Football League and The New York's Times sports site, The Athletic.

At the DealBook event on Wednesday, Mr. Musk acknowledged that an extended advertiser boycott could bankrupt X. But the public would blame the brands for the failure, he said, not him.

'' I will certainly not pander.'' he said.

Mr. Musk's dismissiveness of advertiser concerns have caused brands to view him as a risky partner, said Steve Boehler, the founder of the marketing management consultancy Mercer Island Group.

Mr. Musk's comments suggest an outrageous amount of uncertainty regarding his platform, how he will partner with advertisers and whether he even cares about what advertisers think,'' said Mr. Behler,  who works with clients who spend $10 million to $500 million on advertising annually.

'' This is also personal, '' he added. '' Businesses are simply full of people, and people like to be treated well, respected and dealt with with dignity.''

The World Students Society thanks authors Kate Conger, Tiffany Hsu and Ryan Mac.